The Irish Connection with the White House in Washington DC

James Hoban was an Irish-born architect whose work would become central to American history, though few know his name today. Born around 1755 in Callan, County Kilkenny, Ireland, Hoban showed early talent in design and craftsmanship. He trained at the prestigious Dublin Society’s School of Drawing in Architecture, where he studied under Thomas Ivory and was deeply influenced by neoclassical design, particularly the elegance of Leinster House in Dublin.

In the mid-1780s, Hoban immigrated to the young United States, settling first in Philadelphia and later making his mark in Charleston, South Carolina. There, he designed several important buildings, including the Charleston County Courthouse, gaining a reputation as a skilled and refined architect.

His life changed dramatically in 1792, when President George Washington announced a competition to design the new presidential mansion in the capital city. Hoban entered and won, impressing Washington with his elegant, classical vision—a design that would eventually become the White House. Construction began the following year, and by 1800, the grand residence was complete.

But Hoban’s work didn’t end there. When British forces burned the White House during the War of 1812, it was Hoban who was called upon to oversee its rebuilding. He remained closely involved with the project, ensuring that his original vision was preserved.

Throughout his career, Hoban also contributed to the development of other iconic buildings in Washington, D.C., including work on the U.S. Capitol and the Octagon House. Until his death in 1831, he remained a guiding hand in shaping the architectural face of the nation’s capital. Though history may not have made him a household name, James Hoban’s legacy is one that millions encounter every time they see the White House.

Here are some interesting and important facts about the White House in Washington, D.C.:

• Construction began in 1792 and finished in 1800:
  The White House took eight years to build and cost roughly $232,000 at the time—equivalent to millions today.

• It’s been the home of every U.S. president since John Adams:
  George Washington oversaw construction but never lived there. John Adams was the first president to move in, in 1800.

• The British burned it during the War of 1812:
  In 1814, British troops set fire to the White House. Only the outer walls survived. James Hoban returned to oversee the reconstruction.

• It wasn’t always called “The White House”:
  It was originally known as the “President’s House” or “Executive Mansion.” Theodore Roosevelt officially named it the White House in 1901.

• It has 132 rooms and 35 bathrooms:
  The White House includes 6 levels, 28 fireplaces, 8 staircases, and 3 elevators. There’s even a bowling alley and movie theatre.

• It’s both a residence and a workplace:
  The West Wing houses the Oval Office, the Cabinet Room, and the Situation Room. The East Wing includes office space for the First Lady and her staff.

• It’s painted white to protect the stone:
  The building is made of Aquia Creek sandstone, which was originally whitewashed in 1798 to prevent water damage, leading to the iconic colour.

• Open to public tours (with planning):
  U.S. citizens can request a tour through a member of Congress; international visitors must contact their embassy.

• It’s a symbol of democracy worldwide:
  The White House is one of the most recognized symbols of the United States and American leadership around the globe.

• Smart and secure technology:
  The White House incorporates advanced security systems, encrypted communications, and high-tech surveillance. While many details are classified, it’s known to include secure Wi-Fi, anti-drone tech, and hardened cyber defenses.

• Renewable energy features:
  Solar panels were reinstalled on the White House roof in 2014 (the first were installed by Jimmy Carter, removed by Reagan). They’re used to heat water and contribute to electricity needs—part of ongoing efforts to improve sustainability.

• Modern renovations and décor:
  Each First Family brings updates. Michelle Obama oversaw a kitchen renovation and redecoration of the State Dining Room, while Jill Biden has introduced contemporary art and furniture pieces. However, changes to historic rooms require approval from the Committee for the Preservation of the White House.

• Electric vehicle (EV) charging stations:
  EV infrastructure has been installed on the White House grounds to support a shift toward sustainability and the federal government’s electric vehicle fleet.

• Contemporary art and culture:
  Recent administrations have featured works by modern American artists and hosted events that reflect current social movements, diversity, and innovation in arts and culture.

• Accessibility upgrades:
  The White House has made strides in being more ADA-compliant, improving access with ramps, elevators, and tactile signage for visitors and staff with disabilities.